Monkeypox (MPX) is a typical zoonosis that is caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV) from the Orthopoxvirus genus, which includes the well-known smallpox, vaccinia, and cowpox viruses. Similar to smallpox virus, MPXV infection begins clinically with fever, myalgia, fatigue, headache, and frequently followed by skin lesions with pustular papules and ulcerations [1]. Generally, lymphadenopathy differentiated MPXV infection from smallpox. MPXV was initially identified and endemic in the Central and West Africa countries, where its natural hosts are rodents and non-human primates[2-3]. For decades, human MPX cases were mostly restricted to zoonotic infections with limited human-to-human spread. However, since the first confirmed case on 7 May 2022 in the United Kingdom[4], more than 78,000 confirmed cases have been reported in more than 110 countries including China, as of 8 November 2022 (WHO). FDA has approved two vaccines and three antiviral drugs to prevent and treat MPX, while none of them is available in China.